The Importance of Digital and Computer Science Education in Primary Schools: Perspectives from Educators

Education is at a crossroads, where traditional methods meet the growing demand for innovation in teaching. As the nature of knowledge and skills evolves, educators are challenged to rethink how foundational subjects are taught and how emerging competencies are introduced to young learners. This study examines the integration of computer science and digital education in Austrian primary schools, identifying the main obstacles, relevant topics as well as teachers' professional development requirements. Data was collected through a survey distributed to 202 teachers who participated with their pupils in a creative, unplugged circus workshop at the COOL Lab, Johannes Kepler University's innovative teaching laboratory for all ages specializing in computer science and digital education. The survey included both qualitative and quantitative components to gain in-depth understanding. The results indicate a significant gap between the implementation of computer science and digital education as well as teachers' confidence in these areas. Key barriers affecting the implementation of these topics include lack of resources and time, limited teacher knowledge and confidence as well as the prioritization of core subjects. The findings of this study highlight the need for targeted professional development and increased support to effectively integrate digital and computing literacy into primary education.