In-Vehicle Human–Machine Interface to Support Drivers in Conditionally Automated Platooning

Anna-Lena Hager; Mohamed Sabry; Walter Morales Alvarez; Selena Möhrlein; Cristina Olaverri-Monreal

In-Vehicle Human–Machine Interface to Support Drivers in Conditionally Automated Platooning

Anna-Lena Hager
, Mohamed Sabry
, Walter Morales Alvarez
, Selena Möhrlein
, Cristina Olaverri-Monreal

Department Intelligent Transport Systems

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference proceedings › peer-review

Abstract

Vehicle platooning enables close-gap driving and offers potential benefits for traffic efficiency and safety. In conditionally automated platooning, drivers remain responsible for supervising the system and intervening when necessary, making effective Human–Machine Interfaces (HMIs) critical for maintaining situational awareness and stable driver–automation coordination. This paper investigates whether an in-vehicle HMI providing continuous system-state and inter-vehicle distance information improves supervisory behavior, safety, and platoon stability. We conducted a simulation-based experiment integrated with a 6-degree-of-freedom motion system to enhance scenario realism. Dependent variables included collision occurrence, response latency following platoon disconnection, and the number of manual interventions during intact platooning.

Results showed significantly fewer manual interventions when the HMI was active, with intervention rates about 80\% higher without it. No significant effects were found for collision occurrence or response latency, indicating that additional information improves supervisory stability during platooning but does not substantially affect emergency reactions or collision rates.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) 2026
Publication status	Accepted/In press - 01 May 2026

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 4 Quality Education

Fields of science

102013 Human-computer interaction
102029 Practical computer science
102003 Image processing
102002 Augmented reality
102001 Artificial intelligence
211911 Sustainable technologies
102021 Pervasive computing
303 Health Sciences
303008 Ergonomics
211917 Technology assessment
102026 Virtual reality
501026 Psychology of perception
501025 Traffic psychology
102024 Usability research
202034 Control engineering
202003 Automation
211902 Assistive technologies
201306 Traffic telematics
201305 Traffic engineering
202031 Network engineering
202030 Communication engineering
102 Computer Sciences
102034 Cyber-physical systems
203 Mechanical Engineering
202040 Transmission technology
102019 Machine learning
211909 Energy technology
202 Electrical Engineering, Electronics, Information Engineering
202038 Telecommunications
211908 Energy research
202041 Computer engineering
501 Psychology
202037 Signal processing
102015 Information systems
202036 Sensor systems
501030 Cognitive science
202035 Robotics
203004 Automotive technology

JKU Focus areas

Sustainable Development: Responsible Technologies and Management
Digital Transformation

Cite this

@inproceedings{bc39d2d2ed1742d385da8ea8e4a32a89,

title = "In-Vehicle Human{\textendash}Machine Interface to Support Drivers in Conditionally Automated Platooning",

abstract = "Vehicle platooning enables close-gap driving and offers potential benefits for traffic efficiency and safety. In conditionally automated platooning, drivers remain responsible for supervising the system and intervening when necessary, making effective Human{\textendash}Machine Interfaces (HMIs) critical for maintaining situational awareness and stable driver{\textendash}automation coordination. This paper investigates whether an in-vehicle HMI providing continuous system-state and inter-vehicle distance information improves supervisory behavior, safety, and platoon stability. We conducted a simulation-based experiment integrated with a 6-degree-of-freedom motion system to enhance scenario realism. Dependent variables included collision occurrence, response latency following platoon disconnection, and the number of manual interventions during intact platooning. Results showed significantly fewer manual interventions when the HMI was active, with intervention rates about 80\textbackslash{}\% higher without it. No significant effects were found for collision occurrence or response latency, indicating that additional information improves supervisory stability during platooning but does not substantially affect emergency reactions or collision rates.",

author = "Anna-Lena Hager and Mohamed Sabry and \{Morales Alvarez\}, Walter and Selena M{\"o}hrlein and Cristina Olaverri-Monreal",

year = "2026",

month = may,

day = "1",

language = "English",

booktitle = "IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) 2026",

}

TY - GEN

T1 - In-Vehicle Human–Machine Interface to Support Drivers in Conditionally Automated Platooning

AU - Hager, Anna-Lena

AU - Sabry, Mohamed

AU - Morales Alvarez, Walter

AU - Möhrlein, Selena

AU - Olaverri-Monreal, Cristina

PY - 2026/5/1

Y1 - 2026/5/1

N2 - Vehicle platooning enables close-gap driving and offers potential benefits for traffic efficiency and safety. In conditionally automated platooning, drivers remain responsible for supervising the system and intervening when necessary, making effective Human–Machine Interfaces (HMIs) critical for maintaining situational awareness and stable driver–automation coordination. This paper investigates whether an in-vehicle HMI providing continuous system-state and inter-vehicle distance information improves supervisory behavior, safety, and platoon stability. We conducted a simulation-based experiment integrated with a 6-degree-of-freedom motion system to enhance scenario realism. Dependent variables included collision occurrence, response latency following platoon disconnection, and the number of manual interventions during intact platooning. Results showed significantly fewer manual interventions when the HMI was active, with intervention rates about 80\% higher without it. No significant effects were found for collision occurrence or response latency, indicating that additional information improves supervisory stability during platooning but does not substantially affect emergency reactions or collision rates.

AB - Vehicle platooning enables close-gap driving and offers potential benefits for traffic efficiency and safety. In conditionally automated platooning, drivers remain responsible for supervising the system and intervening when necessary, making effective Human–Machine Interfaces (HMIs) critical for maintaining situational awareness and stable driver–automation coordination. This paper investigates whether an in-vehicle HMI providing continuous system-state and inter-vehicle distance information improves supervisory behavior, safety, and platoon stability. We conducted a simulation-based experiment integrated with a 6-degree-of-freedom motion system to enhance scenario realism. Dependent variables included collision occurrence, response latency following platoon disconnection, and the number of manual interventions during intact platooning. Results showed significantly fewer manual interventions when the HMI was active, with intervention rates about 80\% higher without it. No significant effects were found for collision occurrence or response latency, indicating that additional information improves supervisory stability during platooning but does not substantially affect emergency reactions or collision rates.

M3 - Conference proceedings

BT - IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) 2026

ER -