Early outcomes of children with univentricular circulation undergoing Fontan surgery: the EuroFontan registry

  • Massimo A Padalino*
  • , Andrew Constantine
  • , Emma Bergonzoni
  • , Irene Cao
  • , Jurgen Horer
  • , Masamichi Ono
  • , Helena Staehler
  • , Eva Sames-Dolzer
  • , Gregor Gierlinger
  • , Mark Hazekamp
  • , Friso M Rijnberg
  • , Lorenzo Galletti
  • , Gianfranco Butera
  • , Mario Panebianco
  • , Bart Meyns
  • , Joeri Van Puyvelde
  • , Illya Yemets
  • , Elshad Bairamov
  • , Andrzej Kansy
  • , Matej Nosal
  • Marien Lenoir, Emanuela Angeli, Lucio Careddu, Thomas Martens, Thierry Bove, Carlo Pace Napoleone, Mauro Lo Rito, Alessandro Giamberti, Claudia Montanaro, Stefano Marianeschi, Salvatore Agati, George K Sarris, Eleftherios Protopapas, Alvaro Gonzalez Rocafort, Giuseppe Scrascia, Giovanni Meliota, Ugo Vairo, Guido Michielon, Anna Gozzi, Roberta Biffanti, Biagio Castaldi, Dario Gregori, Luca Vedovelli, Giovanni Di Salvo, Vladimiro Vida, Konstantinos Dimopoulos
*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The Fontan operation and its modifications have transformed the management of children with functional single ventricle physiology. While outcomes have improved, peri-operative complications remain common. This study aimed to assess early outcomes and complications following Fontan completion in a large international European cohort.

METHODS: The EuroFontan registry is a multicentre retrospective study involving 21 congenital heart disease and transplant centres across Europe. Data were collected on patients who underwent Fontan surgery from January 1990 to January 2023. Analyses focused on the most recent 15-year period. A composite early adverse outcome (death within 30 days or in-hospital, low cardiac output syndrome, stroke, or Fontan takedown) was used. Predictors were assessed using multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression, with centre included as a random effect. Missing data were handled using multiple imputation with Rubin's rules, and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess robustness.

RESULTS: Of 3510 patients, this analysis focused on 2075 individuals from the past 15 years, with a median age of 4.2 [interquartile range 3.2-6.2] years at Fontan completion. Early mortality was 1.0% (95% confidence interval .66%-1.54%). The composite adverse outcome occurred in 5.1% (95% confidence interval 4.2%-6.1%). On multivariable analysis, morphology other than tricuspid atresia was the only significant predictor of the composite outcome (odds ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval 1.21-3.99, P = .01).

CONCLUSIONS: Fontan surgery has evolved and, in contemporary practice, has low peri-operative morbidity and mortality. Morphology other than tricuspid atresia was associated with increased risk of early adverse outcomes, highlighting the importance of pre-operative risk stratification.

Original languageEnglish
Article numberehaf835
Number of pages9
JournalEuropean Heart Journal
DOIs
Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - 23 Oct 2025

Fields of science

  • 302 Clinical Medicine
  • 302035 Paediatrics and adolescent medicine
  • 302032 Cardiology

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