TY - CHAP
T1 - AI in the age of technoscience: on the rise of data-driven AI and its epistem-ontological foundations
AU - Weber, Jutta
AU - Prietl, Bianca
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - The chapter offers a critical discussion of the epistemological and ontological foundations of AI. It begins with a short history of AI focused on the epistemological and ontological premises foundational to the three AI approaches that have dominated its historical development, namely, symbolic, connectionist, and data-driven AI. It then presents some early and more recent critiques of AI technologies that are informed by science and technology studies, including more recent developments in algorithm and critical data studies. The chapter is to contribute toward a reflection on the all-too-often implicit assumptions entailed by AI per se and by its new instantiations, thus laying the analytical groundwork for shaping alternative AI technologies in the future. Throughout the last few years, reports of racist risk assessment tools employed in the US criminal justice system, of sexist recruiting tools, or of highly stereotypical digital assistants have highlighted the fact that AI programs are far from being neutral and objective.
AB - The chapter offers a critical discussion of the epistemological and ontological foundations of AI. It begins with a short history of AI focused on the epistemological and ontological premises foundational to the three AI approaches that have dominated its historical development, namely, symbolic, connectionist, and data-driven AI. It then presents some early and more recent critiques of AI technologies that are informed by science and technology studies, including more recent developments in algorithm and critical data studies. The chapter is to contribute toward a reflection on the all-too-often implicit assumptions entailed by AI per se and by its new instantiations, thus laying the analytical groundwork for shaping alternative AI technologies in the future. Throughout the last few years, reports of racist risk assessment tools employed in the US criminal justice system, of sexist recruiting tools, or of highly stereotypical digital assistants have highlighted the fact that AI programs are far from being neutral and objective.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85108464947
U2 - 10.4324/9780429198533-5
DO - 10.4324/9780429198533-5
M3 - Chapter
SN - 9780429198533
T3 - Routledge International Handbooks
SP - 58
EP - 73
BT - The Routledge Social Science Handbook of AI
A2 - Anthony Elliott, null
PB - Routledge
CY - Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY
ER -